Chemistry+of+Solutions

In chemistry a **solution** is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In such a mixture, a solute is dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent. All solutions are characterized by interactions between the solvent phase and solute molecules or ions. Many types of solutions exist, as solids, liquids and gases can be both solvent and solute, in any combination:
 * ~ Examples of solutions ||||||~ Solute ||
 * ^  ||^   ||~ Gas ||~ Liquid ||~ Solid ||
 * ~ Solvent ||~ Gas || Oxygen and other gases in nitrogen (air) || Water vapor in air || Naphthalene slowly sublimes in air, going into solution. ||
 * ^  ||~ Liquid ||< Carbon dioxide in water (carbonated water; the visible bubbles, however, are not the dissolved gas, but only an effervescence; the dissolved gas itself is not visible in the solution) ||< Ethanol (common alcohol) in water; various hydrocarbons in each other (petroleum) ||< Sucrose (table sugar) in water; sodium chloride (table salt) in water; gold in mercury, forming an amalgam ||
 * ^  ||~ Solid || Hydrogen dissolves rather well in metals; platinum has been studied as a storage medium. || Hexane in paraffin wax, mercury in gold. || Steel, aluminum, other metal alloys ||

The ability of one compound to dissolve in another compound is called solubility. There are several ways to quantify the amount of one compound dissolved in the other compounds collectively called concentration. Examples of several methods include //molarity//, //% composition// and //parts per million// (ppm).

Read pp.123-133 p.126 #1-3; p.128 #4-7; p.129 #8-11; p.131 #12-15; p.133 #16-18 || [|MOLAR CONCENTRATION_SOLUTIONS.pdf] ||
 * Task || Solutions ||
 * Vocabulary and Concentration
 * ACID BASE NEUTRALIZATIONS P.322 4-8 P. 323 2-6 || [|P322_ACID BASE NEUTRALIZATION.pdf] ||
 * ACID BASE NEUTRALIZATIONS P.322 4-8 P. 323 2-6 || [|P322_ACID BASE NEUTRALIZATION.pdf] ||
 * ACID BASE NEUTRALIZATIONS P.322 4-8 P. 323 2-6 || [|P322_ACID BASE NEUTRALIZATION.pdf] ||